Simple Formal Logic
with common-sense symbolic techniques
Arnold vander Nat
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1.  BASIC LOGICAL CONCEPTS
   1.  Introduction
   2.  Arguments
   3.  Evaluating arguments
   4.  Classification of sentences
   5.  Proofs, inconclusive and false arguments
   6.  Deductive and inductive validity

CHAPTER 2.  PROPOSITIONAL LOGIC
   1.  Introduction to Propositional Logic
   2.  Details about negations
   3.  Details about conditional sentences
   4.  Determining the truth-value of sentences
   5.  Truth-tables for the validity of arguments
   6.  Truth-tables for other logical concerns
   7.  Presentation of the rules of deduction
   8.  Making deductions for arguments
   9.  Strategy in Deductions

MORE ADVANCED TOPICS
 10.  Rules of Conditional Proof and Indirect Proof
 11.  Further uses of deductions
CHAPTER 3.  TRADITIONAL LOGIC
   1.  Introduction: New Perspectives
   2.  Categorical sentences
   3.  English variations on categorical forms
   4.  Venn diagrams for sentences
   5.  Venn diagrams for categorical syllogisms and equivalences
   6.  Equivalence Operations
   7.  Deductions in Traditional Logic
   8.  Combining Propositional Logic with Syllogistic Logic

CHAPTER 4.  MODERN QUANTIFICATIONAL LOGIC
   1.  Introduction to Quantificational Logic
   2.  Types of English simple sentences and other details
   3.  The truth-value of quantificational sentences
   4.  Deductions in Quantificational Logic

MORE ADVANCED TOPICS
   5.  Deductions with Conditional Proof and Indirect Proof
   6.  Demonstrating invalidity
   7.  Relational sentences
   8.  Deductions with relational sentences
   9.  Working with identities
CHAPTER 5.  LOGICAL FALLACIES
   1.  Introduction: Formal Fallacies and Informal Fallacies
   2.  Fallacies of Irrelevance
• Argumentum ad Baculum • Argumentum ad Hominem
• Argumentum ad Populum • Argumentum ad Verecundiam
• Argumentum ad Misericordiam
• Argumentum ad Ignorantiam • Tu Quoque Fallacy
• Guilt by Association Fallacy • Red Herring Fallacy
   3.  Fallacies of Misconstrual
• Straw Man Fallacy • Post Hoc Ergo Proper Hoc
• Special Pleading • Improper Generalization
• Improper Instance • Complex Question Fallacy
• Syntactic Ambiguity • Semantic Equivocation
• Fallacy of Division • Fallacy of Composition
   4.  Fallacies of Presumption
• False Dichotomy Fallacy • Slippery Slope Fallacy
• Fallacy of ad Hoc Reasoning • Petitio Principii Fallacy
• Fallacy of Inconsistent Premisses

Glossary of Logical Terms
Symbols, Abbreviations
Index




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